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[[Image: | [[Image:Plast National Scout Organization.svg|thumb|Membership badge of Plast Ukrainian Scouting]] | ||
The '''Plast National Scout Organization of Ukraine''' ( | The '''Plast National Scout Organization of Ukraine''' (Пласт Національна Скаутська Організація України, ''Plast Natsionalna Skautska Orhanizatsiia Ukrayiny'') commonly called '''Ukrainian Plast''' or simply '''Plast''' is the largest [[Scouting]] organization in Ukraine. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
=== First Phase: 1911-1920 === | === First Phase: 1911-1920 === | ||
Plast was founded in Ukraine in [[1911]] as the Ukrainian Scout Organization. Ukrainian Scouting has been known since its inception as "Plast". In Ukrainian a ''[[plastun]]'' is an historical name for a Cossack scout and sentry serviceman. The founder of Ukrainian Scouting, Dr. | Plast was founded in Ukraine in [[1911]] as the Ukrainian Scout Organization. Ukrainian Scouting has been known since its inception as "Plast". In Ukrainian a ''[[plastun]]'' is an historical name for a Cossack scout and sentry serviceman. The founder of Ukrainian Scouting, Dr. Oleksander Tysovsky (alternately Oleksandr Tysowskyj), affectionately known as "Drot," adapted the universal Scout principles to the needs and interests of Ukrainian youth. | ||
Born during great social and political upheavals in Europe, Ukrainian Plast came into being to fulfill specific national aims, unlike other Scout organizations. The first Scout troops were formed in L'viv in [[1911]], then a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire by [[Petro Franko]] and [[Ivan Chmola]]. The official date of the founding of Plast is generally deemed to be [[April 12]] [[1912]], at the L'viv Academic Gymnasium by Dr. Oleksander Tysovsky. | Born during great social and political upheavals in Europe, Ukrainian Plast came into being to fulfill specific national aims, unlike other Scout organizations. The first Scout troops were formed in L'viv in [[1911]], then a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire by [[Petro Franko]] and [[Ivan Chmola]]. The official date of the founding of Plast is generally deemed to be [[April 12]] [[1912]], at the L'viv Academic Gymnasium by Dr. Oleksander Tysovsky. | ||
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In spite of numerous obstacles, Plast developed rapidly in the Polish areas, with high levels of membership among students, farmers and workers. A key sponsor was Metropolitan [[Andriy Sheptytsky]], the Archbishop of the [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]] (1901-1944), who donated a campsite called "Sokil" in the [[Carpathian Mountains]]. A number of publications are introduced, including the official organ ''Molode Zhyttia'' and Dr. Oleksander Tysovsky's seminal handbook, ''Zhyttia v Plasti''. | In spite of numerous obstacles, Plast developed rapidly in the Polish areas, with high levels of membership among students, farmers and workers. A key sponsor was Metropolitan [[Andriy Sheptytsky]], the Archbishop of the [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]] (1901-1944), who donated a campsite called "Sokil" in the [[Carpathian Mountains]]. A number of publications are introduced, including the official organ ''Molode Zhyttia'' and Dr. Oleksander Tysovsky's seminal handbook, ''Zhyttia v Plasti''. | ||
In the late 1920s, external pressure on the part of the Polish authorities seriously impaired further growth of Plast on its territory, and eventually led to an outright abolition of Ukrainian Scouting in [[1928]] in the | In the late 1920s, external pressure on the part of the Polish authorities seriously impaired further growth of Plast on its territory, and eventually led to an outright abolition of Ukrainian Scouting in [[1928]] in the Volyn region, and in [[Halychyna]] in [[1930]]. However, Plast continued to flourish in [[Carpathian Ruthenia]], the ethnic Ukrainian area within Czechoslovakia, and maintained a close liaison with the underground Scout units in parts of central Ukraine under the Soviet Union until World War II. Ukrainian Scouts took part in the World Jamboree at Arrowe Park in [[1929]], and as part of the Czechoslovak contingent in the fourth World Jamboree at [[Gödöllő]] in 1933, attempting to make the World Scouting aware of the suppression of free Scout activities in Ukraine. | ||
=== Third Phase: 1930-1944 === | === Third Phase: 1930-1944 === | ||
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When the Soviet Union began to crumble, Scouting appeared clandestinely. The first Plast camp was organized in the summer of [[1989]] and was raided by the Soviet secret police ([[KGB]]); several Scouts were beaten and arrested. Nevertheless, Scouting and Plast persisted. | When the Soviet Union began to crumble, Scouting appeared clandestinely. The first Plast camp was organized in the summer of [[1989]] and was raided by the Soviet secret police ([[KGB]]); several Scouts were beaten and arrested. Nevertheless, Scouting and Plast persisted. | ||
Since the end of Soviet communism and the birth of an independent Ukraine in [[1991]], Ukrainian Plast Scouting has been growing rapidly in every corner of the country. This included units in | Since the end of Soviet communism and the birth of an independent Ukraine in [[1991]], Ukrainian Plast Scouting has been growing rapidly in every corner of the country. This included units in Kiev, [[Lutsk]] and [[Donetsk]]. The most active region, however, was in Lviv, where on [[22 February]] [[1990]], the town council enacted the ''Statut Plastovoho Tovarystva''. | ||
At the beginning of [[1995]], there were 85 local groups and councils, with over 3,500 Scouts. | At the beginning of [[1995]], there were 85 local groups and councils, with over 3,500 Scouts. | ||
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As of [[2006]], Plast has over 10,000 members in Ukraine, and an additional 3,000 members in other countries. | As of [[2006]], Plast has over 10,000 members in Ukraine, and an additional 3,000 members in other countries. | ||
The 95th anniversary jubilee is planned for 2007, with a ''Zustrich'' at the ''Plastova Sich'' campsite in | The 95th anniversary jubilee is planned for 2007, with a ''Zustrich'' at the ''Plastova Sich'' campsite in Grafton, Ontario, Canada. | ||
== Plast outside of Ukraine == | == Plast outside of Ukraine == | ||
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Thus, Plast has existed as an emigré organization in: | Thus, Plast has existed as an emigré organization in: | ||
* Canada, with major contingents or "stanytsi" in Toronto, [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], Edmonton, Winnipeg, Calgary, Montreal, Ottawa and elsewhere, and a campsite in | * Canada, with major contingents or "stanytsi" in Toronto, [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]], Edmonton, Winnipeg, Calgary, Montreal, Ottawa and elsewhere, and a campsite in Grafton, Ontario, since [[1948]] | ||
* the United States: | * the United States: | ||
**"Stanytsi" (active Plast Scouts) in New York City, Chicago, [[Cleveland]]/[[Parma, Ohio|Parma]], Detroit, Buffalo, [[Syracuse, New York|Syracuse]], [[Hartford, Connecticut|Hartford]], Rochester, Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]], Baltimore and more recently in Colorado | **"Stanytsi" (active Plast Scouts) in New York City, Chicago, [[Cleveland]]/[[Parma, Ohio|Parma]], Detroit, Buffalo, [[Syracuse, New York|Syracuse]], [[Hartford, Connecticut|Hartford]], Rochester, Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]], Baltimore and more recently in Colorado | ||
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== Notable Plast Members == | == Notable Plast Members == | ||
*[[Petro Franko]] | *[[Petro Franko]] | ||
*Dr. | *Dr. Oleksander Tysovsky | ||
*[[Shukhevych|Roman Shukevych]] | *[[Shukhevych|Roman Shukevych]] | ||
*[[Stepan Bandera]] | *[[Stepan Bandera]] | ||
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== External links == | == External links == | ||
*[http://plast | *[http://plast.org.ua Plast Portal - Official website of Plast - National Scouting Organization of Ukraine, basic information about the organization is available in many languages] | ||
{{EurAsiaScout}} | {{EurAsiaScout}} | ||
{{Scouts in Exile}} | {{Scouts in Exile}} | ||
[[ | [[uk:Пласт]] | ||
[[Category:Non-aligned Scouting organizations]] | [[Category:Non-aligned Scouting organizations]] | ||
[[Category:Scouting and Guiding in Ukraine]] | [[Category:Scouting and Guiding in Ukraine]] | ||
