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Scouts-in-Exile: Difference between revisions
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From time to time throughout its existence, Scouting has been suppressed by a change in government, usually when a totalitarian regime comes into power, as is the modern-day case with [[Cuba]], [[Laos]], [[Myanmar]] and the [[People's Republic of China]]. | From time to time throughout its existence, Scouting has been suppressed by a change in government, usually when a totalitarian regime comes into power, as is the modern-day case with [[Cuba]], [[Laos]], [[Myanmar]] and the [[People's Republic of China]]. | ||
==Early years== | == Early years == | ||
After [[World War I]], Scouting was banned by the [[Soviets]] in [[Russia]], [[Armenia]], [[Ukraine]], and [[Belarus]]. Just prior to | After [[World War I]], Scouting was banned by the [[Soviets]] in [[Russia]], [[Armenia]], [[Ukraine]], and [[Belarus]]. Just prior to World War II, both [[Mussolini]] and [[Hitler]] disbanded Scouting. In most of these instances, Scouting was revived in the individual community in diaspora. | ||
During the later days of World War II and until about [[1947]], Scouting flourished in the Displaced Persons Camps (DP Camps). These Scout groups often provided postal delivery and other basic services in [[Displaced person|Displaced Persons Camps]]. | During the later days of World War II and until about [[1947]], Scouting flourished in the Displaced Persons Camps (DP Camps). These Scout groups often provided postal delivery and other basic services in [[Displaced person|Displaced Persons Camps]]. | ||
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At the end of World War II, the Soviets absorbed [[Estonia]], [[Latvia]], and [[Lithuania]] and immediately banned Scouting. The establishment of [[communist]] regimes in Eastern Europe resulted in the end of the original Scouting movements within [[Albania]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Czechoslovakia]], [[Hungary]], [[Romania]], [[Poland]], and [[Yugoslavia]]. | At the end of World War II, the Soviets absorbed [[Estonia]], [[Latvia]], and [[Lithuania]] and immediately banned Scouting. The establishment of [[communist]] regimes in Eastern Europe resulted in the end of the original Scouting movements within [[Albania]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Czechoslovakia]], [[Hungary]], [[Romania]], [[Poland]], and [[Yugoslavia]]. | ||
==Totalitarian countries== | == Totalitarian countries == | ||
With the end of the colonial period, other countries came under totalitarian control and banned Scouting. Such was the case in [[Ethiopia]], [[Iran]], [[Iraq]], Mainland China, Cuba, Laos, [[Malawi]], Myanmar, [[Vietnam]] and [[Afghanistan]]. | With the end of the colonial period, other countries came under totalitarian control and banned Scouting. Such was the case in [[Ethiopia]], [[Iran]], [[Iraq]], Mainland China, Cuba, Laos, [[Malawi]], Myanmar, [[Vietnam]] and [[Afghanistan]]. | ||
During and immediately after the establishment of each totalitarian government, there was an exodus of people that were not in sympathy with the new regime. Those immigrants brought Scouting with them, as Scouts-In-Exile, groups of Scouts dedicated to the principles and ideals of their original associations, but located outside their country of origin. The notable exception to this is [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia]], where refugees fleeing the war in the [[1990s]] made their way to [[Ireland]], where they were assisted in the creation of their own Scouting movement by local volunteer Irish Scouters. | During and immediately after the establishment of each totalitarian government, there was an exodus of people that were not in sympathy with the new regime. Those immigrants brought Scouting with them, as Scouts-In-Exile, groups of Scouts dedicated to the principles and ideals of their original associations, but located outside their country of origin. The notable exception to this is [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia]], where refugees fleeing the war in the [[1990s]] made their way to [[Ireland]], where they were assisted in the creation of their own Scouting movement by local volunteer Irish Scouters. | ||
==Modern era== | == Modern era == | ||
Many of these exile Scout groups were members of the [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] or the [[World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts]]. However, in the mid [[1940s]], they were denied further membership, with the exception of the Haï Ari Association of [[Hayastani Azgayin Scautakan Sharjum Kazmakerputiun|Armenian Scouts]], whose membership was retained at the explicit wish of [[Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell|Baden-Powell]]. | Many of these exile Scout groups were members of the [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] or the [[World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts]]. However, in the mid [[1940s]], they were denied further membership, with the exception of the Haï Ari Association of [[Hayastani Azgayin Scautakan Sharjum Kazmakerputiun|Armenian Scouts]], whose membership was retained at the explicit wish of [[Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell|Baden-Powell]]. | ||
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For the Scouts-in-exile groups, serving the community outside their homelands, there is sometimes resentment that they were not recognized by the [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] during their nations' totalitarian periods. Due to this, such groups are openly courted for membership in the [[World Federation of Independent Scouts]] (WFIS). | For the Scouts-in-exile groups, serving the community outside their homelands, there is sometimes resentment that they were not recognized by the [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] during their nations' totalitarian periods. Due to this, such groups are openly courted for membership in the [[World Federation of Independent Scouts]] (WFIS). | ||
==See also== | == See also == | ||
*[[Boy Scouts of the United Nations]] | *[[Boy Scouts of the United Nations]] | ||
*[[Non-aligned Scouting and Scout-like organisations]] | *[[Non-aligned Scouting and Scout-like organisations]] | ||
==References== | == References == | ||
* {{cite journal|title=The Other Ones - Scouts in Exile|author=Victor M. Alexieff|url=http://www.sossi.org/exile/scouts.htm|journal=SOSSI Journal|volume= XXXVII|issue=9|date= September 1982}} | * {{cite journal|title=The Other Ones - Scouts in Exile|author=Victor M. Alexieff|url=http://www.sossi.org/exile/scouts.htm|journal=SOSSI Journal|volume= XXXVII|issue=9|date= September 1982}} | ||
