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'''Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell''' OM, GCMG, GCVO, KCB (22 February 1857 ; 8 January [[1941]]), also known as '''B-P''', was a Lieutenant-General in the British Army, writer, and founder of the [[Scouting]] movement. | '''Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell''' OM, GCMG, GCVO, KCB (22 February 1857 ; 8 January [[1941]]), also known as '''B-P''', was a Lieutenant-General in the British Army, writer, and founder of the [[Scouting]] movement. | ||
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After having been educated at Charterhouse School, Baden-Powell served in the British Army from 1876 until 1910 in India and Africa. In 1899, during the Second Boer War in South Africa, Baden-Powell successfully defended the city in the [[Siege of Mafeking]]. He started writing books on military topics in order to better train soldiers. Several of his military books, written for military reconnaissance and scout training in his African years, were also read by boys. | After having been educated at Charterhouse School, Baden-Powell served in the British Army from 1876 until 1910 in India and Africa. In 1899, during the Second Boer War in South Africa, Baden-Powell successfully defended the city in the [[Siege of Mafeking]]. He started writing books on military topics in order to better train soldiers. Several of his military books, written for military reconnaissance and scout training in his African years, were also read by boys. | ||
Based on those earlier books, he wrote ''[[Scouting for Boys]]'', published in 1908 by Cyril Arthur Pearson, for youth readership. During writing, he tested his ideas through a camping trip on [[Brownsea Island]] in 1907, which is now seen as the beginning of Scouting. After his marriage with [[Olave Baden-Powell|Olave St Clair Soames]], he, his sister [[Agnes Baden-Powell]] and notably his wife actively gave guidance to the Scouting Movement and the [[Girl Guides | Based on those earlier books, he wrote ''[[Scouting for Boys]]'', published in 1908 by Cyril Arthur Pearson, for youth readership. During writing, he tested his ideas through a camping trip on [[Brownsea Island]] in 1907, which is now seen as the beginning of Scouting. After his marriage with [[Olave Baden-Powell|Olave St Clair Soames]], he, his sister [[Agnes Baden-Powell]] and notably his wife actively gave guidance to the Scouting Movement and the [[Girl Guides]] Movement. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
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=== Military career === | === Military career === | ||
* See Also [[1895 Baden-Powell Ashanti Expedition]] | |||
In 1876, Baden-Powell joined the 13th Hussars in India. He enhanced and honed his military scouting skills amidst the Zulu tribesmen in the early 1880s in the Natal province of South Africa, where his regiment had been posted, and where he was mentioned in despatches. During one of his travels, he came across a large string of wooden beads, worn by the Zulu king Dinizulu, which was later incorporated into the [[Wood Badge]] training programme he started after he founded the Scouting movement. Baden-Powell's skills impressed his superiors and he was subsequently transferred to the British secret service. | In 1876, Baden-Powell joined the 13th Hussars in India. He enhanced and honed his military scouting skills amidst the Zulu tribesmen in the early 1880s in the Natal province of South Africa, where his regiment had been posted, and where he was mentioned in despatches. During one of his travels, he came across a large string of wooden beads, worn by the Zulu king Dinizulu, which was later incorporated into the [[Wood Badge]] training programme he started after he founded the Scouting movement. Baden-Powell's skills impressed his superiors and he was subsequently transferred to the British secret service. | ||
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The Baden-Powells had three children — one son and two daughters, who all gained the courtesy title of Honourable in 1929. The son succeeded his father in 1941 to the titles of Baronet Baden-Powell and [[Baron Baden-Powell]]. | The Baden-Powells had three children — one son and two daughters, who all gained the courtesy title of Honourable in 1929. The son succeeded his father in 1941 to the titles of Baronet Baden-Powell and [[Baron Baden-Powell]]. | ||
* [[Peter Baden-Powell, 2nd Baron Baden-Powell|Arthur Robert Peter (Peter)]], later 2nd Baron Baden-Powell (1913–1962). He married Carine Crause-Boardman in 1936, and had three children: [[Robert Crause Baden-Powell, 3rd Baron Baden-Powell|Robert Crause]], later 3rd Baron Baden-Powell; [[Michael Baden-Powell|David Michael (Michael)]], | * [[Peter Baden-Powell, 2nd Baron Baden-Powell|Arthur Robert Peter (Peter)]], later 2nd Baron Baden-Powell (1913–1962). He married Carine Crause-Boardman in 1936, and had three children: [[Robert Crause Baden-Powell, 3rd Baron Baden-Powell|Robert Crause]], later 3rd Baron Baden-Powell; [[David Michael Baden-Powell, 4th Baron Baden-Powell|David Michael (Michael)]], later 4th Baron Baden-Powell and daughter Wendy Dorothy. | ||
* [[Heather Baden-Powell|Heather]] (1915–1986), who married John King and had two children: Michael and Timothy, | * [[Heather Baden-Powell|Heather]] (1915–1986), who married John King and had two children: Michael and Timothy, | ||
* [[Betty | * [[Betty Clay|Betty]] (1917–2004), who married Gervase Charles Robert Clay in 1936 and had three sons and one daughter: Robin, Chispin, [[Gill Clay|Gillian]] and Nigel. | ||
== Founder of Scouting == | == Founder of Scouting == | ||
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