Filter (water): Difference between revisions

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[[Image:Filter mit Antrieb02.jpg|thumb|An industrial water filter with geared motor]]
[[Image:Filter mit Antrieb02.jpg|thumb|An industrial water filter with geared motor]]
A '''water filter''' is a device which removes impurities from [[water]] by means of a fine physical barrier, chemical processes and/or biological process. Filters are used to cleanse water for [[irrigation]], [[drinking water]], [[aquarium]]s, and [[swimming pool]]s.
A '''water filter''' is a device which removes impurities from water by means of a fine physical barrier, chemical processes and/or biological process. Filters are used to cleanse water for irrigation, drinking water, aquariums, and swimming pools.  


Water filters are primarily used to soften water and remove chemicals such as [[chlorine]]. Some scientists believe that the contaminants found in drinking unfiltered drinking water can be harmful to your health, even increasing the risk of developing cancer. The most common problem with unfiltered water, however, is a bad taste or smell.  
Water filters are primarily used to soften water and remove chemicals such as chlorine. Some scientists believe that the contaminants found in drinking unfiltered drinking water can be harmful to your health, even increasing the risk of developing cancer. The most common problem with unfiltered water, however, is a bad taste or smell.  


Water filters are also used by recreational hikers, by aid organizations during humanitarian emergencies, and by the military. These filters are usually small, portable and light (1-2 pounds or less) and filter water by working a mechanical hand pump. Dirty water is pumped via a screen-filtered flexible silicon tube through a specialized filter, ending up in a water bottle (or other container, such as a Camel Back). These types of filters work to remove bacteria, protozoa and cysts, all of which can cause disease. Manufacturers of this type of water filter include [[General Ecology]], [[Innova Pure Water]], [[Katadyn]], [[Mountain Safety Research]], and [[Pure Water 2GO]].
Water filters are also used by recreational hikers, by aid organizations during humanitarian emergencies, and by the military. These filters are usually small, portable and light (1-2 pounds or less) and filter water by working a mechanical hand pump. Dirty water is pumped via a screen-filtered flexible silicon tube through a specialized filter, ending up in a water bottle (or other container, such as a Camel Back). These types of filters work to remove bacteria, protozoa and cysts, all of which can cause disease. Manufacturers of this type of water filter include [[General Ecology]], [[Innova Pure Water]], [[Katadyn]], Mountain Safety Research, and [[Pure Water 2GO]].


These water filters should not be confused with devices or tablets that are water purifiers. Water purifiers satisfy higher EPA standards, and also remove viruses, such as hepatitis A and rotavirus, among others.  
These water filters should not be confused with devices or tablets that are water purifiers. Water purifiers satisfy higher EPA standards, and also remove viruses, such as hepatitis A and rotavirus, among others.  
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In a domestic emergency, where water needs will last beyond those of stored, bottled water, a device that is specifically certified as a water purifier, and not a water filter, is preferred.
In a domestic emergency, where water needs will last beyond those of stored, bottled water, a device that is specifically certified as a water purifier, and not a water filter, is preferred.


The physics of filters is based on sieving, [[adsorption]], [[ion exchange]]s and other processes. Unlike a [[sieve]] or [[screen]], a filter can remove particles much smaller than the holes through which the water passes.  
The physics of filters is based on sieving, adsorption, ion exchanges and other processes. Unlike a [[sieve]] or screen, a filter can remove particles much smaller than the holes through which the water passes.  


==Examples==
* [[Media filter]]
* [[Screen filter]]
* [[Disk filter]]
* [[Slow sand filter bed]]
* [[Rapid sand filter]]
* [[Cloth filter]]


==See also==
== External links ==
* [[Backwashing]]
*[http://www.historysofwaterfilters.com History of Water Filters] - History of water and water treatment.
* [[Water purification]]
* [[Reverse osmosis]]
* [[Distillation]]
* [[Sand separator]]
* [[Settling basin]]


==External links==
*[http://water.me.vccs.edu/concepts/filters.html Types of Filters] - a comparison of the Slow sand filter, Rapid sand filter, Pressure filter & Diatomaceous earth filter. (Mountain Empire Community College, Water/Wastewater Distance Learning)
*[http://www.historysofwaterfilters.com History of Water Filters] - History of water and water treatment.
*[http://www.swbic.org/education/env-engr/filtration/filtration.html Filtration] - Southwest Biotechnology and Informatics Center


*[http://water.me.vccs.edu/concepts/filters.html Types of Filters] - a comparison of the [[Slow sand filter]], [[Rapid sand filter]], [[Pressure filter]] & [[Diatomaceous earth filter]]. ([[Mountain Empire Community College]], Water/Wastewater Distance Learning)
*[http://survivaltopics.com/survival-blog/do-water-filters-work/ Do Water Filters Work?] - Questions Claims of Water Filter Makers
*[http://www.swbic.org/education/env-engr/filtration/filtration.html Filtration] - [[Southwest Biotechnology and Informatics Center]]
[[Category:Filters]]
[[Category:Water treatment]]
[[Category:Irrigation]]
[[Category:Hiking equipment]]
[[Category:Hiking equipment]]
[[Category:Water technology]]
[[Category:Camping equipment]]
 
[[da:Filter (vand)]]
{{tech-stub}}
{{hiking-stub}}

Latest revision as of 17:08, 17 January 2010

File:Filter mit Antrieb02.jpg
An industrial water filter with geared motor

A water filter is a device which removes impurities from water by means of a fine physical barrier, chemical processes and/or biological process. Filters are used to cleanse water for irrigation, drinking water, aquariums, and swimming pools.

Water filters are primarily used to soften water and remove chemicals such as chlorine. Some scientists believe that the contaminants found in drinking unfiltered drinking water can be harmful to your health, even increasing the risk of developing cancer. The most common problem with unfiltered water, however, is a bad taste or smell.

Water filters are also used by recreational hikers, by aid organizations during humanitarian emergencies, and by the military. These filters are usually small, portable and light (1-2 pounds or less) and filter water by working a mechanical hand pump. Dirty water is pumped via a screen-filtered flexible silicon tube through a specialized filter, ending up in a water bottle (or other container, such as a Camel Back). These types of filters work to remove bacteria, protozoa and cysts, all of which can cause disease. Manufacturers of this type of water filter include General Ecology, Innova Pure Water, Katadyn, Mountain Safety Research, and Pure Water 2GO.

These water filters should not be confused with devices or tablets that are water purifiers. Water purifiers satisfy higher EPA standards, and also remove viruses, such as hepatitis A and rotavirus, among others.

In a domestic emergency, where water needs will last beyond those of stored, bottled water, a device that is specifically certified as a water purifier, and not a water filter, is preferred.

The physics of filters is based on sieving, adsorption, ion exchanges and other processes. Unlike a sieve or screen, a filter can remove particles much smaller than the holes through which the water passes.


External links

  • Types of Filters - a comparison of the Slow sand filter, Rapid sand filter, Pressure filter & Diatomaceous earth filter. (Mountain Empire Community College, Water/Wastewater Distance Learning)
  • Filtration - Southwest Biotechnology and Informatics Center