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Scouting controversy and conflict (view source)
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== Governmental banning of Scouting == | == Governmental banning of Scouting == | ||
Scouting has been banned in certain nations and remains banned in [[List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members#Countries with no Scouting organization|some of them]]. Scouting was banned in nearly all Communist countries, most Fascist countries, and some countries with totalitarian regimes such as Afghanistan under the Taliban, Malawi and Iran. Banning has caused Scouting to go underground in countries such as Poland, Franco's Spain, and Yugoslavia. The USSR banned Scouting in 1922, creating a separate | Scouting has been banned in certain nations and remains banned in [[List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members#Countries with no Scouting organization|some of them]]. Scouting was banned in nearly all Communist countries, most Fascist countries, and some countries with totalitarian regimes such as Afghanistan under the Taliban, Malawi and Iran. Banning has caused Scouting to go underground in countries such as Poland, Franco's Spain, and Yugoslavia. The USSR banned Scouting in 1922, creating a separate Young Pioneer organization of the Soviet Union, which gave birth to the Pioneer Movement, still existing in some fashion in the People's Republic of China, Cuba, North Korea, Vietnam, and Tajikistan. | ||
Prior to World War II, Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, and Romania disbanded Scouting. Instead, Germany created the [[Hitler Youth|Hitler-Jugend]] (Hitler Youth) organization; Mussolini had a fascist youth organization, the Balilla; and Romania under the Iron Guard had the Străjeria. | Prior to World War II, Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, and Romania disbanded Scouting. Instead, Germany created the [[Hitler Youth|Hitler-Jugend]] (Hitler Youth) organization; Mussolini had a fascist youth organization, the Balilla; and Romania under the Iron Guard had the Străjeria. | ||
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After the October Revolution of [[1917]] and during the Russian Civil War from [[1917]] to [[1921]], most of the [[Scoutmaster]]s and many Scouts fought in the ranks of the White Army and [[interventionist]]s against the Red Army. Some [[Russian Association of Scouts/Navigators|Scouts]] took the Bolsheviks' side, which would lead to the establishment of ideologically-altered Scoutlike organizations, such as ''ЮК'' (''Юные Коммунисты'', or ''young communists''; pronounced as ''yuk'') and others. | After the October Revolution of [[1917]] and during the Russian Civil War from [[1917]] to [[1921]], most of the [[Scoutmaster]]s and many Scouts fought in the ranks of the White Army and [[interventionist]]s against the Red Army. Some [[Russian Association of Scouts/Navigators|Scouts]] took the Bolsheviks' side, which would lead to the establishment of ideologically-altered Scoutlike organizations, such as ''ЮК'' (''Юные Коммунисты'', or ''young communists''; pronounced as ''yuk'') and others. | ||
Between 1918 and 1920, the second, third, and fourth All-Russian Congresses of the Russian Union of the Communist Youth decided to eradicate the Scout movement and create an organization of the communist type that would take youth under its umbrella. In [[1922]], the second All-Russian Komsomol Conference decided to create Pioneer units all over the country; these units were united later that year as the | Between 1918 and 1920, the second, third, and fourth All-Russian Congresses of the Russian Union of the Communist Youth decided to eradicate the Scout movement and create an organization of the communist type that would take youth under its umbrella. In [[1922]], the second All-Russian Komsomol Conference decided to create Pioneer units all over the country; these units were united later that year as the Young Pioneer organization of the Soviet Union. | ||
The Soviet Union (USSR), which included Russia, was established in 1922 and dissolved in 1991. In 1990, the Russian Congress of People's Deputies with [[Boris Yeltsin]] as its chairman declared Russia's sovereignty over its territory. | The Soviet Union (USSR), which included Russia, was established in 1922 and dissolved in 1991. In 1990, the Russian Congress of People's Deputies with [[Boris Yeltsin]] as its chairman declared Russia's sovereignty over its territory. | ||