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The '''Scout method''' is the progressive system designed to achieve the goals of the [[Scouting]] organizations. The [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] (WOSM) describes the Scouting movement as "...a voluntary nonpolitical educational movement for young people open to all without distinction of origin, race or creed" with the goals of contributing to the "...development of young people | The '''Scout method''' is the progressive system designed to achieve the goals of the [[Scouting]] organizations. The [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] (WOSM) describes the Scouting movement as "...a voluntary nonpolitical educational movement for young people open to all without distinction of origin, race or creed" with the goals of contributing to the "...development of young people | ||
in achieving their full physical, intellectual, social and spiritual potentials as individuals, | in achieving their full physical, intellectual, social and spiritual potentials as individuals, | ||
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Scouting organisations include those affiliated with the [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] (WOSM), the [[World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts]] (WAGGGS) and the [[World Federation of Independent Scouts]] (WFIS). Other youth organisations may follow the Scout method closely or in part. | Scouting organisations include those affiliated with the [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] (WOSM), the [[World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts]] (WAGGGS) and the [[World Federation of Independent Scouts]] (WFIS). Other youth organisations may follow the Scout method closely or in part. | ||
== Elements of the scouting method == | == Elements of the scouting method == | ||
The [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] (WOSM) describes the "Scouting Method" as being composed of several different educational tools.<ref name="goodturn"/> These are: | The [[World Organization of the Scout Movement]] (WOSM) describes the "Scouting Method" as being composed of several different educational tools.<ref name="goodturn"/> These are: | ||
* a law and promise, | * a law and promise, | ||
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* Scouting is not a high standard of knowledge or only an attractive game, which are merely steps. The final test of success of its education is: "Are they really healthy, happy, helpful citizen".<ref name="SfB">{{cite book | last = Baden-Powell | first = Robert | authorlink = Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell | year = 1926 | title = [[Scouting for Boys]] | pages = p331}}</ref> | * Scouting is not a high standard of knowledge or only an attractive game, which are merely steps. The final test of success of its education is: "Are they really healthy, happy, helpful citizen".<ref name="SfB">{{cite book | last = Baden-Powell | first = Robert | authorlink = Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell | year = 1926 | title = [[Scouting for Boys]] | pages = p331}}</ref> | ||
* '''The Scout | * '''The Scout Law and promise'''. The [[Scout Law]], acts as a guide to the Scout's actions, rather than a "repression of his faults." The Scout Law is therefore not a list of prohibitions but together with the [[Scout promise]] (Oath) a commitment to a code of living.<ref name="VoL" /> | ||
** '''Prohibition'''. Scouting does not prohibit a bad habit, but instead gives more exciting, better alternatives, that will absorb the Scout's attention and gradually lead him to forget the old habit.[<ref name="AtS" /> 31] The reason is that "prohibition generally invites evasion since it challenges the spirit inherent in every red-blooded boy. The boy is not governed by DON'T, but is led on by DO."<ref name="VoL" /> | ** '''Prohibition'''. Scouting does not prohibit a bad habit, but instead gives more exciting, better alternatives, that will absorb the Scout's attention and gradually lead him to forget the old habit.[<ref name="AtS" /> 31] The reason is that "prohibition generally invites evasion since it challenges the spirit inherent in every red-blooded boy. The boy is not governed by DON'T, but is led on by DO."<ref name="VoL" /> | ||
**The '''[[Scout Law]]''' is a code of living based on Scouting’s principles. It is a personal code of living in that it serves as a reference, guiding the way in which each member of the movement lives his or her life today, and guiding the direction of development for tomorrow. It is also a collective code of living in that it is the basis on which the Scout unit functions. The Scout Law is therefore at the heart of the '''Scout method'''.<ref name="constitution" /> | **The '''[[Scout Law]]''' is a code of living based on Scouting’s principles. It is a personal code of living in that it serves as a reference, guiding the way in which each member of the movement lives his or her life today, and guiding the direction of development for tomorrow. It is also a collective code of living in that it is the basis on which the Scout unit functions. The Scout Law is therefore at the heart of the '''Scout method'''.<ref name="constitution" /> | ||
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** '''Non-competitive and individual'''. "Scouting is not a formal scheme of serious instruction in efficiency". The badges signify not a certain quality of knowledge or skill as "the amount of effort the Scout puts into his work." The goal is to inspire ''every'' Scout, even the clumsy ones, to learn, therefore education in Scouting is non-competitive and individual. The goal is not the quality of the whole group, but every Scout should get attention to proceed on his own level. The standards were therefore purposely undefined. Class- and proficiency badges were not a final goal; but a first step which gives a Scout confidence to proceed by himself.[<ref name="AtS" /> 28, 57] Also the Scouts should learn because they like the subject, not just in competition to be better than others. | ** '''Non-competitive and individual'''. "Scouting is not a formal scheme of serious instruction in efficiency". The badges signify not a certain quality of knowledge or skill as "the amount of effort the Scout puts into his work." The goal is to inspire ''every'' Scout, even the clumsy ones, to learn, therefore education in Scouting is non-competitive and individual. The goal is not the quality of the whole group, but every Scout should get attention to proceed on his own level. The standards were therefore purposely undefined. Class- and proficiency badges were not a final goal; but a first step which gives a Scout confidence to proceed by himself.[<ref name="AtS" /> 28, 57] Also the Scouts should learn because they like the subject, not just in competition to be better than others. | ||
* '''Example of the leader'''. An important part of Scouting education is the personal example of the leader. The Scout is impressed by the leader because of his age, his knowledge, his position as a leader and if he does it right, the leader will be popular. For the Scout the leader will be an attractive goal to reach for, so he will follow his example. The Scoutmaster living the Scout | * '''Example of the leader'''. An important part of Scouting education is the personal example of the leader. The Scout is impressed by the leader because of his age, his knowledge, his position as a leader and if he does it right, the leader will be popular. For the Scout the leader will be an attractive goal to reach for, so he will follow his example. The Scoutmaster living the Scout Law will therefore have more influence than talking about it. In the boys' eyes it is what a man ''does'' that counts and not so much what he says.[<ref name="AtS" /> 4, 38] | ||
==Patrol method (or system) == | == Patrol method (or system) == | ||
The ''patrol method'' (or ''system'') is the essential feature of the [[Scouting|Scout]] Movement, and has sometimes been described as "using the gang mentality for educational purposes."{{Fact|date=February 2007}} "'''The Patrol is the character school for the individual'''. To the Patrol Leader it gives practise in Responsibility and in the qualities of Leadership. To the Scouts it gives subordination of self to the interests of the whole, the elements of self-denial and self-control mvolved in the team spirit of cooperation and good comradeship."[<ref name="AtS"/> 24] | The ''patrol method'' (or ''system'') is the essential feature of the [[Scouting|Scout]] Movement, and has sometimes been described as "using the gang mentality for educational purposes."{{Fact|date=February 2007}} "'''The Patrol is the character school for the individual'''. To the Patrol Leader it gives practise in Responsibility and in the qualities of Leadership. To the Scouts it gives subordination of self to the interests of the whole, the elements of self-denial and self-control mvolved in the team spirit of cooperation and good comradeship."[<ref name="AtS"/> 24] | ||
The patrol is a very powerful motivator and for this reason it is essential that Scout patrols are subject to an Honor Court (the patrol leaders in a troop form its Honor Court, along with the Scout leader.)<ref name="AtS"/> | The patrol is a very powerful motivator and for this reason it is essential that Scout patrols are subject to an Honor Court (the patrol leaders in a troop form its Honor Court, along with the Scout leader.)<ref name="AtS"/> Baden-Powell was not the first to realize that peers are powerful tools in education, and the [[prefect]] system of the English Public school (Cf. [[Tom Brown's School Days]]) is probably where Baden-Powell had seen it in operation. | ||
A patrol consists of about 6-8 Scouts: the number varies<ref name="AtS"/> but the standard sized patrol [[tent]] sleeps six comfortably. There will be a patrol leader and a second or assistant patrol leader. In some Troops, particularly larger ones, a senior patrol leader is nominated to perform certain functions at meetings. These are usually the oldest in the Scout troop, but age is not the necessary requirement. The patrol will also have a name, usually an animal e.g. fox patrol. | A patrol consists of about 6-8 Scouts: the number varies<ref name="AtS"/> but the standard sized patrol [[tent]] sleeps six comfortably. There will be a patrol leader and a second or assistant patrol leader. In some Troops, particularly larger ones, a senior patrol leader is nominated to perform certain functions at meetings. These are usually the oldest in the Scout troop, but age is not the necessary requirement. The patrol will also have a name, usually an animal e.g. fox patrol. | ||
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== Rationale behind the Scout method == | == Rationale behind the Scout method == | ||
The Scout Law embodies the joint values of the Scouting movement all over the world which binds all Scouting associations together. | The Scout Law embodies the joint values of the Scouting movement all over the world which binds all Scouting associations together. The emphasis on "Learning by doing" provides experiences and hands on orientation as a practical method of learning and confidence building. Small groups build unity and a close-knit fraternal atmosphere to develop responsibility, character, self-reliance and self-confidence, reliability, and readiness; which eventually leads to collaboration and leadership. A program of progressive and attractive varying activities expands a Scouts' horizons and bonds the Scout even more to the group. Activities and games develop dexterities and provides a fun way to develop skills. In an outdoor setting, these also provide contact with nature and the environment. | ||
These principles are equally applicable to boy and girl Scouting. Common ways to implement the Scout method include: | These principles are equally applicable to boy and girl Scouting. Common ways to implement the Scout method include: | ||
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*[[Scoutcraft]] | *[[Scoutcraft]] | ||
==See also== | == See also == | ||
*[[Scout Spirit]] | *[[Scout Spirit]] | ||
*[[Scoutcraft]] | *[[Scoutcraft]] | ||
==References== | == References == | ||
<div class="references-small"> | <div class="references-small"> | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
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[[Category:Scouting]] | [[Category:Scouting]] | ||
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