18,519
edits
Scout: Difference between revisions
From ScoutWiki, For Everyone, Everywhere involved with Scouting and Guiding...
m
Bot: Converting bare references, using ref names to avoid duplicates, see FAQ
m (Robot: Automated text replacement (-South Africa +South Africa)) |
m (Bot: Converting bare references, using ref names to avoid duplicates, see FAQ) |
||
| (6 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
== Foundation == | == Foundation == | ||
{{main|Scouting}} | {{main|Scouting}} | ||
[[Robert Baden-Powell]] founded the Boy Scouts as an organization in 1908, a few months after the first scout encampment at [[Brownsea Island Scout camp]] in 1907.<ref>{{cite book | author = Woolgar, Brian| coauthors = La Riviere, Sheila| year = 2002| title = Why Brownsea? The Beginnings of Scouting | publisher = Brownsea Island Scout and Guide Management Committee}}</ref> Baden-Powell got the idea from his experiences with the British Army in South Africa. To advance his ideas, Baden-Powell wrote ''[[Scouting for Boys]]'' for boy readership, which describes the [[Scout method]] of outdoor activities aiming at developing character, citizenship, and personal fitness qualities among youth.<ref name="notestobook2004">{{cite book | first = Elleke | last = Boehmer | title = Notes to 2004 edition of Scouting for Boys | year = 2004 | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = | [[Robert Baden-Powell]] founded the Boy Scouts as an organization in 1908, a few months after the first scout encampment at [[Brownsea Island Scout camp]] in 1907.<ref>{{cite book | author = Woolgar, Brian| coauthors = La Riviere, Sheila| year = 2002| title = Why Brownsea? The Beginnings of Scouting | publisher = Brownsea Island Scout and Guide Management Committee}}</ref> Baden-Powell got the idea from his experiences with the British Army in South Africa. To advance his ideas, Baden-Powell wrote ''[[Scouting for Boys]]'' for boy readership, which describes the [[Scout method]] of outdoor activities aiming at developing character, citizenship, and personal fitness qualities among youth.<ref name="notestobook2004">{{cite book | first = Elleke | last = Boehmer | title = Notes to 2004 edition of Scouting for Boys | year = 2004 | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford }}</ref> Many boys joined Scouting activities, resulting in the movement growing rapidly to become the world's largest youth organization. | ||
The Scout program is designed to develop youths who have a high degree of self-reliance, initiative, courage, helpfulness, integrity, and resourcefulness. Scouts should be helpful; understand their society, heritage, and culture; have respect for the rights of others; and be positive leader-citizens.<ref name="whatis">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = | url = http://www.scouting.org/Media/FactSheets/02-503.aspx | title = What is Boy Scouting? Purpose of the BSA | format = | work = | publisher = [[Boy Scouts of America]] | accessdate = 2006-07-27}}</ref><ref name="ukwhatis">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = | url = http://www.scouts.org.uk/aboutus/index.htm | title = About Our World | format = | work = | publisher = The Scout Association | accessdate = 2006-07-27}}</ref> | The Scout program is designed to develop youths who have a high degree of self-reliance, initiative, courage, helpfulness, integrity, and resourcefulness. Scouts should be helpful; understand their society, heritage, and culture; have respect for the rights of others; and be positive leader-citizens.<ref name="whatis">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = | url = http://www.scouting.org/Media/FactSheets/02-503.aspx | title = What is Boy Scouting? Purpose of the BSA | format = | work = | publisher = [[Boy Scouts of America]] | accessdate = 2006-07-27}}</ref><ref name="ukwhatis">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = | url = http://www.scouts.org.uk/aboutus/index.htm | title = About Our World | format = | work = | publisher = The Scout Association | accessdate = 2006-07-27}}</ref> | ||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
{{main|Scout method}} | {{main|Scout method}} | ||
[[Image:ScoutFun.png|thumb|right|float|200px|Boy Scouts at a campfire ring at summer camp]] | [[Image:ScoutFun.png|thumb|right|float|200px|Boy Scouts at a campfire ring at summer camp]] | ||
A Scout learns the cornerstones of the Scout method, [[Scout Promise]], and [[Scout Law]]. These are designed to instill character, citizenship, personal fitness, and leadership in boys through a structured program of outdoor activities.<ref name="constitution">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | month = April | year = 2000 | url = http://www.scout.org/en/information_events/resource_centre/institutional_documents/constitution_of_w_o_s_m | title = Constitution of WOSM | format = PDF | work = | publisher = World Organization of the Scout Movement | accessdate = 2006-07-10}}, p. 2-15</ref><ref name="goodturn">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = 1998 | url = http://www.scout.org/en/information_events/resource_centre/library/the_scout_library/adult_resources_and_management/scouting_an_educational_system | title = Scouting: An Educational System | format = PDF | work = | publisher = World Organization of the Scout Movement | accessdate = 2006-07-10}}, p. 9</ref> Common ways to implement the Scout method include spending time together in small groups with shared experiences, rituals, and activities, as well as emphasizing good citizenship and decision-making that are age-level appropriate. Cultivating a love and appreciation of the outdoors and outdoor activities are key elements. Primary activities include [[camping]], [[woodcraft]], [[first aid]], | A Scout learns the cornerstones of the Scout method, [[Scout Promise]], and [[Scout Law]]. These are designed to instill character, citizenship, personal fitness, and leadership in boys through a structured program of outdoor activities.<ref name="constitution">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | month = April | year = 2000 | url = http://www.scout.org/en/information_events/resource_centre/institutional_documents/constitution_of_w_o_s_m | title = Constitution of WOSM | format = PDF | work = | publisher = World Organization of the Scout Movement | accessdate = 2006-07-10}}, p. 2-15</ref><ref name="goodturn">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = 1998 | url = http://www.scout.org/en/information_events/resource_centre/library/the_scout_library/adult_resources_and_management/scouting_an_educational_system | title = Scouting: An Educational System | format = PDF | work = | publisher = World Organization of the Scout Movement | accessdate = 2006-07-10}}, p. 9</ref> Common ways to implement the Scout method include spending time together in small groups with shared experiences, rituals, and activities, as well as emphasizing good citizenship and decision-making that are age-level appropriate. Cultivating a love and appreciation of the outdoors and outdoor activities are key elements. Primary activities include [[camping]], [[woodcraft]], [[first aid]], aquatics, [[hiking]], [[Backpacking (wilderness)|backpacking]], and sports. | ||
Scouts are known throughout the world for performing acts of public good and sometimes acts of heroism. For example, a boy Scout foiled a 2008 assassination attempt on [[Maldives]]' President [[Maumoon Abdul Gayoom]] by "grabbing an attacker's knife as the man leapt from a crowd and lunged at the leader."<ref>"Boy Foils Attempt on Maldives President," by Krishan Francis, ''AP'', 9 Jan 2008. http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080109/ap_on_re_as/maldives_assassination_attempt</ref> The scout, Ibrahim Jaisham, a male member of the co-educational [[The Scout Association of Maldives]], sustained minor injuries during the intervention and was subsequently treated.<ref>[http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iSwQqgfQjMkNXA8Bt7Ybo8guFfNg afp.google.com, Boy Scout saves Maldives president from assassination]</ref><ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/01/08/maldives.assassination.attempt/index.html cnn.com, Boy Scout foils attack on Maldives president]</ref> | Scouts are known throughout the world for performing acts of public good and sometimes acts of heroism. For example, a boy Scout foiled a 2008 assassination attempt on [[Maldives]]' President [[Maumoon Abdul Gayoom]] by "grabbing an attacker's knife as the man leapt from a crowd and lunged at the leader."<ref>"Boy Foils Attempt on Maldives President," by Krishan Francis, ''AP'', 9 Jan 2008. http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080109/ap_on_re_as/maldives_assassination_attempt</ref> The scout, Ibrahim Jaisham, a male member of the co-educational [[The Scout Association of Maldives]], sustained minor injuries during the intervention and was subsequently treated.<ref>[http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iSwQqgfQjMkNXA8Bt7Ybo8guFfNg afp.google.com, Boy Scout saves Maldives president from assassination]</ref><ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/01/08/maldives.assassination.attempt/index.html cnn.com, Boy Scout foils attack on Maldives president]</ref> | ||
| Line 55: | Line 55: | ||
The Scout uniform is a specific characteristic of Scouting. The original uniform, which has created a familiar image in the public eye and had a very military appearance, consisted of a khaki button-up [[shirt]], shorts, and a broad-brimmed [[campaign hat]]. | The Scout uniform is a specific characteristic of Scouting. The original uniform, which has created a familiar image in the public eye and had a very military appearance, consisted of a khaki button-up [[shirt]], shorts, and a broad-brimmed [[campaign hat]]. | ||
Uniforms have become much more functional and colorful since the beginning and are now frequently blue, orange, red, or green, and shorts are replaced by long trousers in areas where the culture calls for modesty, and in winter weather. T-shirts and other more casual wear have also replaced the more formal [[button | Uniforms have become much more functional and colorful since the beginning and are now frequently blue, orange, red, or green, and shorts are replaced by long trousers in areas where the culture calls for modesty, and in winter weather. T-shirts and other more casual wear have also replaced the more formal [[button]]-up uniforms in many Scouting regions. | ||
To show the unity of all Scouts, the World Membership Badge ([[World Crest]]) or another badge with a fleur-de-lis is a part of all uniforms. [[Neckerchief]]s and [[Woggle]]s (slides) are still quite common, but some Scouting associations do not use them. Patches for leadership positions, ranks, special achievements, patrol- animals, colors or names, troop- or group- numbers or names, and country or regional affiliation are standard. | To show the unity of all Scouts, the World Membership Badge ([[World Crest]]) or another badge with a fleur-de-lis is a part of all uniforms. [[Neckerchief]]s and [[Woggle]]s (slides) are still quite common, but some Scouting associations do not use them. Patches for leadership positions, ranks, special achievements, patrol- animals, colors or names, troop- or group- numbers or names, and country or regional affiliation are standard. | ||
| Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
<references /> | |||
[[Category:Age section]] | [[Category:Age section]] | ||
[[eo:Skolto]] | [[eo:Skolto]] | ||
[[es:Scout]] | |||
[[fr:Éclaireurs]] | [[fr:Éclaireurs]] | ||
[[it:Esploratore]] | [[it:Esploratore]] | ||
[[nl:Verkenners]] | [[nl:Verkenners]] | ||
