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Olave Baden-Powell: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox Biography | {{Infobox Biography | ||
| subject_name =Olave St Clair Baden-Powell | | subject_name =Olave St Clair Baden-Powell | ||
| | | image = Olave St Clair Soames.jpg | ||
| image_caption =Olave Baden-Powell as Chief Guide for Britain in 1919 | | image_caption =Olave Baden-Powell as Chief Guide for Britain in 1919 | ||
| date_of_birth =[[1889-02-22]] | | date_of_birth =[[1889-02-22]] | ||
| place_of_birth = | | place_of_birth =Chesterfield, UK | ||
| date_of_death =[[1977-06-19]] | | date_of_death =[[1977-06-19]] | ||
| place_of_death =[[Bramley, Surrey]], UK | | place_of_death =[[Bramley, Surrey]], UK | ||
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| children =[[Peter Baden-Powell, 2nd Baron Baden-Powell|Arthur Robert Peter]], later 2nd Baron Baden-Powell <br/> Hon. Heather Baden-Powell <br/> Hon. Betty Clay (née Baden-Powell)}} | | children =[[Peter Baden-Powell, 2nd Baron Baden-Powell|Arthur Robert Peter]], later 2nd Baron Baden-Powell <br/> Hon. Heather Baden-Powell <br/> Hon. Betty Clay (née Baden-Powell)}} | ||
'''Olave St Clair Baden-Powell, Baroness Baden-Powell''', | '''Olave St Clair Baden-Powell, Baroness Baden-Powell''', GBE ([[February 22]], [[1889]] – [[19 June]] [[1977]]) was born '''Olave St Clair Soames''' in [[Chesterfield, England]]. She was later known as '''Olave, Lady Baden-Powell''', or '''The Dowager Lady Baden-Powell''', having outlived her husband, [[Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell|Robert Baden-Powell]] the founder of [[Scouting]] and [[Girl Guides]], by over 35 years. | ||
== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
Olave was the younger daughter of [[brewery]] owner and artist Harold Soames (himself descended paternally from a [[landed gentry]] family, and maternally from a self-made man, Joseph Gilstrap Gelthorpe, who had been Mayor of [[Newark, England|Newark]] in | Olave was the younger daughter of [[brewery]] owner and artist Harold Soames (himself descended paternally from a [[landed gentry]] family, and maternally from a self-made man, Joseph Gilstrap Gelthorpe, who had been Mayor of [[Newark, England|Newark]] in Nottinghamshire). She was educated by her father, her mother Katharine (nee Hill), and a number of governesses at home. Home repeatedly changed, as her father continually moved house as he travelled. Olave became keen on outdoor sports including tennis, swimming, football, skating and canoeing, and also played the violin. | ||
== Adult Life == | == Adult Life == | ||
=== Marriage and children === | === Marriage and children === | ||
In January 1912, Olave met | In January 1912, Olave met Second Boer War hero and founder of the Scouts, Robert Baden-Powell on an ocean liner (Arcadia) on the way to New York to start one of his Scouting World Tours. She was 23, he 55, and they shared the same birthday. They became engaged in September of the same year, causing a media sensation. To avoid press intrusion, they married in secret on October 30, 1912. | ||
The Scouts and Guides of England each donated a penny to buy the Baden-Powells a wedding gift, a car (note that this is not the Rolls Royce they were presented with in 1929). | The Scouts and Guides of England each donated a penny to buy the Baden-Powells a wedding gift, a car (note that this is not the Rolls Royce they were presented with in 1929). | ||
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=== War work === | === War work === | ||
During [[1915]] and [[1916]], with | During [[1915]] and [[1916]], with World War I in progress, Olave assisted directly with the war effort in France. Robert had seen the usefulness of the [[YMCA]]'s recreational huts for the soldiers and persuaded the [[Worshipful Company of Mercers|Mercers' Company]] to pay for such a hut at Val-de-Lievres, [[Calais]].<ref name="War Years">{{cite web | title =Window on My Heart. Chapter X. The War Years. | date =[[2004-04-25]] | url =http://pinetreeweb.com/bp-olave-10.htm | accessdate =2007-03-26}}</ref> It was to be staffed by adults connected with Scouting.<ref name="War Years"/> Olave was one of the team of five men and three women that staffed the hut at the start.<ref name="War Years"/> She persuaded her mother to look after the children for time she would be away.<ref name="War Years"/> | ||
Olave left for France on [[1915-10-07]].<ref name="War Years"/> Her regular work in the Mercers' hut included serving [[Hot Chocolate|cocoa]] and [[cigarette]]s and chatting to those who came in.<ref name="War Years"/> She also recalled in her autobiography playing her [[violin]] and singing at the Christmas Concert.<ref name="War Years"/> Olave also adopted a number of stray animals during her time in Val-de-Lievres.<ref name="War Years"/> | Olave left for France on [[1915-10-07]].<ref name="War Years"/> Her regular work in the Mercers' hut included serving [[Hot Chocolate|cocoa]] and [[cigarette]]s and chatting to those who came in.<ref name="War Years"/> She also recalled in her autobiography playing her [[violin]] and singing at the Christmas Concert.<ref name="War Years"/> Olave also adopted a number of stray animals during her time in Val-de-Lievres.<ref name="War Years"/> | ||
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Olave became a County Commissioner in the [[Girlguiding UK|Girl Guides]] in 1916 and became Chief Guide for Britain in 1918. Later the same year she was presented with a gold [[Silver Fish]], one of only two ever made. She was elected World Chief Guide in 1930. | Olave became a County Commissioner in the [[Girlguiding UK|Girl Guides]] in 1916 and became Chief Guide for Britain in 1918. Later the same year she was presented with a gold [[Silver Fish]], one of only two ever made. She was elected World Chief Guide in 1930. | ||
In 1932, she was awarded the Dame Grand Cross of The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire ( | In 1932, she was awarded the Dame Grand Cross of The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (GBE) by King George V. As well as making a major contribution to the development of the Guide / Girl Scout movements, she visited 111 countries during her life attending [[International Scout Jamboree|Jamborees]] and national Guide and Scout associations. Her father also assisted financially with the purchase of [[Pax Hill]] near Bentley, Hampshire as a family home where she lived with her husband from 1918 until 1939. | ||
==== Standard ==== | ==== Standard ==== | ||
Olave Baden-Powell was presented a personal standard by the County Commissioners in the UK.<ref name="Kerr">{{cite book| last =Kerr | first =Rose | title =Story of the Girl Guides 1908-1938 | publisher =Girl Guides Association | date =1976 | location =London}}</ref> It was designed by Mrs Zigomala.<ref name="Kerr"/> Miss Kay-Shuttleworth supervised the making of the standard.<ref name="Kerr"/> | Olave Baden-Powell was presented a personal standard by the County Commissioners in the UK.<ref name="Kerr">{{cite book| last =Kerr | first =Rose | title =Story of the Girl Guides 1908-1938 | publisher =Girl Guides Association | date =1976 | location =London}}</ref> It was designed by Mrs Zigomala.<ref name="Kerr"/> Miss Kay-Shuttleworth supervised the making of the standard.<ref name="Kerr"/> | ||
<blockquote>The Standard of Lady Baden-Powell, Chief Guide of the World, is blue (azure) from the [[Flag terminology|hoist]] to the [[Flag terminology|fly]]. Nearest the hoist is the gold ([[Or (heraldry)|or]]) trefoil; then come two small hemispheres, showing a coloured map of the world, indicating her post as Chief Guide. These are placed high to the left of the main fly, which is divided throughout its length by two silver ( | <blockquote>The Standard of Lady Baden-Powell, Chief Guide of the World, is blue (azure) from the [[Flag terminology|hoist]] to the [[Flag terminology|fly]]. Nearest the hoist is the gold ([[Or (heraldry)|or]]) trefoil; then come two small hemispheres, showing a coloured map of the world, indicating her post as Chief Guide. These are placed high to the left of the main fly, which is divided throughout its length by two silver (argent) waves, amongst which are shown three ships with black hulls and white sails, four dolphins and the Gold Fish of the Chief Guide. Then between two red ([[gules]]) motto bands on which are embroidered the Baden-Powell and Girl Guide mottoes in gold letters, there is a section alluding to the outdoor life, showing white tents on a green ([[vert]]) field. In the extreme fly the Baden-Powell crests are embroidered.<ref name="Kerr"/></blockquote> | ||
=== Death of Robert Baden-Powell === | === Death of Robert Baden-Powell === | ||
In October 1939, Olave moved to [[Nyeri]], | In October 1939, Olave moved to [[Nyeri]], Kenya with her husband, where he died on January 8, 1941. | ||
=== World War II === | === World War II === | ||
In 1942 she braved [[U-boat]] attacks to return to a [[grace and favour]] apartment in | In 1942 she braved [[U-boat]] attacks to return to a [[grace and favour]] apartment in Hampton Court Palace (in which she lived from 1943 to 1976), since her own home, Pax Hill, had been taken over by the Canadian military. Through World War II she toured the United Kingdom. Fortunately she was on a visit when a [[V2]] missile damaged her apartment in 1944. As soon as she could after [[D-Day]], she went to France, toured throughout Europe as the war ended to help revive Guiding and Scouting. | ||
=== Post World War II === | === Post World War II === | ||
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== Legacy == | == Legacy == | ||
The [[Olave Centre]] for Guides was built in north | The [[Olave Centre]] for Guides was built in north London in Olave's memory. This has the World Bureau and [[Pax Lodge]] in its grounds. Pax Lodge is one of WAGGGS' four World Centres. | ||
Scouts and Guides mark February 22nd as [[B.-P. Day]] or [[Thinking Day]], the joint birthdays of Robert and Olave Baden-Powell, to remember and celebrate the work of the Chief Scout and Chief Guide of the World. | Scouts and Guides mark February 22nd as [[B.-P. Day]] or [[Thinking Day]], the joint birthdays of Robert and Olave Baden-Powell, to remember and celebrate the work of the Chief Scout and Chief Guide of the World. | ||
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* [http://www.olavebadenpowell.org/gallery/index.htm Olave Baden-Powell Photo Gallery] | * [http://www.olavebadenpowell.org/gallery/index.htm Olave Baden-Powell Photo Gallery] | ||
* {{Find A Grave|id=1272}} | * {{Find A Grave|id=1272}} | ||
<!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] --> | <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] --> | ||
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|SHORT DESCRIPTION=World Chief Guide | |SHORT DESCRIPTION=World Chief Guide | ||
|DATE OF BIRTH=[[February 22]], [[1889]] | |DATE OF BIRTH=[[February 22]], [[1889]] | ||
|PLACE OF BIRTH= | |PLACE OF BIRTH=Chesterfield, UK | ||
|DATE OF DEATH=[[June 19]], [[1977]] | |DATE OF DEATH=[[June 19]], [[1977]] | ||
|PLACE OF DEATH=Bramley, | |PLACE OF DEATH=Bramley, UK | ||
}} | }} | ||
[[Category:Recipients of the Bronze Wolf Award]] | |||
[[Category:Bronze Wolf | |||
[[Category:Guiding|Baden-Powell, Olave]] | [[Category:Guiding|Baden-Powell, Olave]] | ||
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