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Global Positioning System: Difference between revisions
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[[Jamming]] of any radio navigation system, including satellite based navigation, is possible. The U.S. Air Force conducted GPS jamming exercises in 2003 and they also have GPS anti-spoofing capabilities. In 2002, a detailed description of how to build a short range GPS L1 C/A jammer was published in [[Phrack]] issue 60<ref>[[Phrack]]. [http://www.phrack.org/archives/60/p60-0x0d.txt Issue 0x3c (60), article 13]. [[December 28]], [[2002]].</ref> by an anonymous author. There has also been at least one well-documented case of unintentional jamming, tracing back to a malfunctioning TV antenna preamplifier.<ref>GPS World. [http://www.gpsworld.com/gpsworld/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=43404&&pageID=1 The hunt for an unintentional GPS jammer]. [[January 1]], [[2003]].</ref> If stronger signals were generated intentionally, they could potentially interfere with aviation GPS receivers within line of sight. According to John Ruley, of AVweb, "IFR pilots should have a fallback plan in case of a GPS malfunction".<ref>Ruley, John. AVweb. [http://www.avweb.com/news/avionics/182754-1.html GPS jamming]. [[February 12]], [[2003]].</ref> [[RAIM|Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring]] (RAIM), a feature of some aviation and marine receivers, is designed to provide a warning to the user if jamming or another problem is detected. GPS signals can also be interfered with by natural [[geomagnetic storm]]s, predominantly at high latitudes.<ref>[[Space Environment Center]]. [http://www.sec.noaa.gov/nav/gps.html SEC Navigation Systems GPS Page]. [[August 26]], [[1996]].</ref> | [[Jamming]] of any radio navigation system, including satellite based navigation, is possible. The U.S. Air Force conducted GPS jamming exercises in 2003 and they also have GPS anti-spoofing capabilities. In 2002, a detailed description of how to build a short range GPS L1 C/A jammer was published in [[Phrack]] issue 60<ref>[[Phrack]]. [http://www.phrack.org/archives/60/p60-0x0d.txt Issue 0x3c (60), article 13]. [[December 28]], [[2002]].</ref> by an anonymous author. There has also been at least one well-documented case of unintentional jamming, tracing back to a malfunctioning TV antenna preamplifier.<ref>GPS World. [http://www.gpsworld.com/gpsworld/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=43404&&pageID=1 The hunt for an unintentional GPS jammer]. [[January 1]], [[2003]].</ref> If stronger signals were generated intentionally, they could potentially interfere with aviation GPS receivers within line of sight. According to John Ruley, of AVweb, "IFR pilots should have a fallback plan in case of a GPS malfunction".<ref>Ruley, John. AVweb. [http://www.avweb.com/news/avionics/182754-1.html GPS jamming]. [[February 12]], [[2003]].</ref> [[RAIM|Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring]] (RAIM), a feature of some aviation and marine receivers, is designed to provide a warning to the user if jamming or another problem is detected. GPS signals can also be interfered with by natural [[geomagnetic storm]]s, predominantly at high latitudes.<ref>[[Space Environment Center]]. [http://www.sec.noaa.gov/nav/gps.html SEC Navigation Systems GPS Page]. [[August 26]], [[1996]].</ref> | ||
The [[Federal government of the United States|U.S. government]] believes that such jammers were also used occasionally during the [[2001 war in Afghanistan]]. Some officials believe that jammers could be used to attract the precision-guided munitions towards | The [[Federal government of the United States|U.S. government]] believes that such jammers were also used occasionally during the [[2001 war in Afghanistan]]. Some officials believe that jammers could be used to attract the precision-guided munitions towards non-combatant infrastructure; other officials believe that the jammers are completely ineffective. In either case, the jammers may be attractive targets for [[anti-radiation missile]]s. During the [[Iraq War]], the U.S. military claimed to destroy a GPS jammer with a GPS-guided bomb.<ref>American Forces Press Service. [http://www.defenselink.mil/news/Mar2003/n03252003_200303254.html CENTCOM charts progress]. [[March 25]], [[2003]].</ref> | ||
==== Relativity ==== | ==== Relativity ==== | ||
